MDDE 614: International Issues in Distance Education Report a Broken Link

Textbook


Unit 1: Globalization


Hawkridge, D. (2003). Models for open and distance learning 2: Globalisation, education and distance education. Commonwealth of Learning.

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Knight, J. (2006). Higher education crossing borders: A guide to the implications of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) for cross border education.Conclusion: New realities and challenges. In J. Knight. Vancouver BC: Commonwealth of Learning.

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Machado, C., & Demiray, U. (2012). E-Learning practices revised: A compiling analysis on 38 countries.  In E. Pontes (Ed.), E-Learning - Long Distance and Lifelong Perspectives. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech. (pdf)
Seikwu, D. (2010). From localization to internationalization of higher education: Globalization and transformation of university education in Uganda.ERIC Number: ED512372.(pdf)
Starke-Meyerring, D. (2010). Globally Networked Learning Environments: reshaping the intersections of globalization and e-learning in higher education. Introduction. E-Learning and Digital Media 7(2), 27-32.
Internationalization, Regionalization and Globalization: Breaking out of the "Iron Triangle"

Unit 1: Development


Larson, Richard C. & Murray, M.E. (2008). Distance learning as a tool for poverty reduction and economic development: A focus on China and Mexico. Journal of Science Education and Technology. 17 (2), 175-196.

New insight on poverty.  Hans Rosling: Proves that "the seemingly impossible is possible." Note his set of dimensions of development and the relationship among them.(19 minutes)

Drivers of Change.  Ian Goldin at TEDxASL (2013) (19 minutes).

The good news on poverty (Yes, there's good news). Bono:  2013  (14 minutes)

Global population growth, box by box. Hans Rosling:  (10 minutes)


Below are Hans Rosling's 5 talks on global issues. Five international development programs are featured in this series.

NGOZI OKONJO-IWEALA: Want to help Africa? Do business here

NANDAN NILEKANI: Ideas for India's future

YANG LAN: The generation that's remaking China

MELINDA GATES: Let's put birth control back on the agenda

DALIA MOGAHED: The attitudes that sparked Arab Spring

Unit 2: Technology Related Issues


The following readings have been selected for summary and critique, because they raise points that are particularly significant for our consideration of technology issues.
Codewit World News.  Big educational tablet and laptop projects: Ten countries to learn from.
Iqbal, S., & Qureshi, I. S. (2012). M-learning adoption: A perspective from a developing country.  International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 13(2).
Naidoo, G., & Potter, C. (2007). Ethical issues in using interactive radio in South Africa. Open Learning 22(2), 159-165.
Park, Y. (2011). A Pedagogical Framework for Mobile Learning: Categorizing Educational Applications of Mobile Technologies into Four Types. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 12(2).
Pocatilu, P., Alecu, F., & Vetrici, M. (n.d.).  Using Cloud computing for e-learning systems.  Recent Advances on Data Networks, Communications Computers, 54-59. (pdf)
Valk, J. H., Rashid, A. T., & Elder, L. (2010). Using mobile phones to improve educational outcomes: An analysis of evidence from Asia. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 11(10).
You may also wish to view the YouTube videos listed below.
Shocking Facts (5 min.)   Video is unavailable
George Siemens' interview on MOOCs and Open Education (11 minutes).

Cloud computing in Education (6 minutes).

Sugata Mitra: Build a School in the Cloud (19 minutes).

Unit 2: Cost Related


The following readings are highlighted for summary and critique, because they raise points that are particularly significant for our consideration of cost issues.

Ally, M. (2009). Mobile Learning: Transforming the Delivery of Education and Training.
Amiel, T. (2013). Identifying barriers to the remix of translated open educational resources. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 14(1).
Cooper, T. (2007). Response to Greville Rumble. Open Learning, 22(2), 177-182.
Deane, M., & Bird, M. (2006). Achieving development goals through cost-effective open and distance learning in Sub-Saharan Africa: What costs, how effective? Paper presented at the Fourth Pan Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning.
Felsenstein, L. (2005). Problems with the $100 laptop. The Fonly Institute.
Insung, J. (2005, June). Cost-effectiveness of online teacher training. Open Learning, 20(2), 131-146.
Lane, A. (2009). The impact of openness on bridging educational digital divides. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10(5).
Liyanagunawardena, T. R., Adams, A. A., & Williams, S. A. (2013). MOOCs: A systematic study of the published literature 2008- 2012. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 14(3).
McGreal, R. (2013). Introduction: The need for open educational resources. In R. McGreal, W. Kinuthia, S. Marshall, & T. McNamara, (Eds.), Perspectives on open and distance learning: Open educational resources: Innovation, research and practice (pp. xv-xxiii). Commonwealth of Learning.
Mulder, F. (2013). The logic of national policies and strategies for open educational resources. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 14(2).
Rumble, G. (2001). E-education: Whose benefits? Whose costs? Paper presented to Open University 28th February 2001.
Weller, M. (2004). Learning objects and the e-learning cost dilemma. Open Learning, 19(3), 293-302. AU Library
Wright, C. R., & Reju, S. (2012). Developing and deploying OERs in sub-Saharan Africa: Building on the present. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 13(2).
Richard Baraniuk Open source learning (19 min.)

CalTech MOOC Report (12 min.)

Daphne Koller, What we're learning from online education (21 minutes).

Peter Norvig, The 100,000 student classroom (6 minutes).

Unit 2: Audience Related


The following readings are highlighted for summary and critique, because they raise points that are particularly significant for our consideration of issues concerning audiences and levels.

Akomolafe, C. O. (2006). Open and distance learning as a mechanism for women empowerment in Nigeria. The Fourth Pan Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning (PCF4). Ocho Rios, Jamaica: Commonwealth of Learning and Caribbean Consortium.
Avci, H. Adiguzel, T. (2017). A case study on mobile-blended collaborative learning in an English as a foreign language (EFL) context. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(7).
Latchem, C., Maru, A., & Alluri, K. (2004, July) Life long learning for farmers (L3 farmers): Open, distance and technology-mediated learning for extension for smallholders. Paper presented to the Pan Commonwealth Forum, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Nosowitz, D. (2013). Has one laptop per child totally lost its way? Popular Science.
Rasmussen, K. (2018). Looking beyond institutional boundaries: examining adults’ experience of choosing online as part of their post-secondary studies.  International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 19(5).
Patel, H., Bautista, J., & Jonash, R. (2012). One laptop per child (OLPC) wants to provide the world's poorest children with education. OLPC Revolutionizing the way to make education affordable for everyone (pp. 3-9). Hult International Business School Publishing.
Nicholas Negroponte, The vision behind One Laptop per Child. TED Talks 2007, (18 min.).

Sugata Mitra, The child-driven education. TED Global 2010 (17 min).

Aleph Molinari. Let's bridge the digital divide!  TEDxSanMigueldeAllende, (10 min.)

Leadbetter: Education innovation in the slums (19 min.)

Unit 2: Cultural


The following readings are highlighted for summary and critique, because they raise points that are particularly significant for our consideration concerning audiences and levels.

Allen, L. (2012). Using a cultural lens to critique the One Laptop per Child Program. In Proceedings of Global TIME 2012 (pp. 207-212). AACE. Available at EdITLib.
Beaudoin, M. F. (2014). Leadership challenges in transcultural online education. In I. Jung & C. N.  Gunawardena (Eds.), Culture and online learning: Global perspectives and research (pp. 155- 125).
Madyarov, I., & Taef, A. (2012). Contracdictions in a distance course for a marginalized population in a Middle Eastern university. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 13(2).
Msweli, P. (2012). Mapping the interplay between open distance learning and internationalisation principles. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 13(3).
Newton, P. L. (2007) Northeastern Saskatchewan Aboriginal students’ perceptions of their distance education experiences and the relationship to their Aboriginal culture. Master's thesis, Centre for Distance Education, Athabasca University. Read Chapters 1 and 2.
Pincas, A. (2001). Culture, cognition and communication in global education. Distance Education, 22(1), 30-51.
Rabiee, A., Nazarian, Z., & Gharibshaeyan, R. (2013). An explanation for internet use obstacles concerning e-learning in Iran. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 14(3).
Zhang, Z., & Kenny, R. (2010). Learning in an online distance education course: Experiences of three international students. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning (IRRODL) 11(1)
Hello Africa - Mobile Phone Culture in Africa  (42 minutes).

Supporting cultural diversity in elearning (7 minutes).

West & East cultural differences (45 minutes).

Unit 3: Sub-Saharan Africa


Online Articles
Aderinoye, R. A., Ojokheta, K. O., & Olojede, A. A. (2007). Integrating mobile learning into nomadic education programmes in Nigeria: Issues and perspectives. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 8(2).
Aggor, R. (2006, October). Addressing the HIV epidemic in Ghana through open and distance education. Paper presented at the Fourth Pan Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning.
Badat, S. (2005). South Africa: Distance higher education policies for access, social equity, quality, and social and economic responsiveness in a context of the diversity of provision. Distance Education, 26(2), 183-204.
Bertram, C. (2006). Exploring teachers’ reading competences: A South African case study. Open Learning, 21(1), 5– 8.
Beukes, J. R. (2006 October). Using radio in innovative ways to support ODL learners in Namibia: Opportunities, challenges and achievements. Paper presented at the Fourth Pan Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning.
Bhalalusesa, E. P. (2001). Supporting women distance learners in Tanzania. Open Learning, 16(2), 155-168.
Bhalalusesa, E. P. (2006). The dynamics of teaching at a distance in Tanzania: Reflections form the field. Open Learning, 21(1), 49-58.
Binns, F., & Bradley, J. (2004, July). Staff development in distance education: The evolution of one approach. Paper presented at the Third Pan Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. (link to pdf)
Castanda, M.M. (2005). A history of distance education in Mexico. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 6(3), 227-232.
Jha, J., & Keller, F. (2006). Lesotho: A case of under-participation. In Boys’ Underachievement in education: An exploration in selected Commonwealth countries, (pp. 96-105). Commonwealth of Learning. (The entire booklet will download as a pdf)
Kere, J., (2006, November). A livelihood enhancement community based distance learning programme. Paper presented at the Fourth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning, Ocho Rios, Jamaica.
Laaser, W. (2006). Virtual universities for African and Arab countries. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 7(4), Article 13. (pdf)
Moon, R. (2004, July). Open learning and ICTs: A radical solution to preparing teachers to meet the universal basic education (UBE) challenge. Paper presented at the Third Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning, Dunedin, New Zealand. (pdf)
Reed, Y. (2005). Using students as informants in redesigning distance learning materials: Possibilities and constraints. Open Learning, 20(3), 265-275.
Sagna, O. (2005). Lifelong learning in the African Context: A practical example from Senegal. In C. McIntosh. & Z. Varglu (Eds.). Lifelong learning and distance higher education: Perspectives on distance education (chaper 5).

Tau, D. R., & Thutoetsile, T. (2006). Quality assurance in distance education: Towards a culture of quality in Botswana College. In B. N. Koul & A. Kanwar (Eds.), Perspective on distance education: Towards a culture of quality (pp. 19-30). Commonwealth of Learning. (pdf)
Ukpo, E. O. (2006). Support for distance learners in a Nigerian distance education programme. Open Learning, 21(3), 253-261.
Vambe, M. T. (2005). Opening and transforming South African education. Open Learning, 20(3), 285-293.
A number of articles are available in a special issue on distance education in Africa of International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, (IRRODL), Volume 10, No. 4, 2009.

Unit 3: South Asia

The list of readings provided below only scratches the surface of the literature available, especially on distance education in India. The Commonwealth of Learning website is a particularly valuable source for information on distance education initiatives in South Asia.


Akhter, Z. (2004, July). Quality assurance in secondary education programme of Bangladesh Open University: Present status and challenge. Paper presented at the 3rd Pan Commonwealth Forum, Dunedin, New Zealand. (pdf)
Aslam, M. (2000). Education and training for millions: Pedagogical challenges for distance education. Open Learning, 15(3), 309-315. (pdf)
Bharati, S. (2004). Learner-institute interaction and third world dilemmas. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 5(1). (pdf)
Chari, H., & Haughey, M. (2006). The introduction of online learning: A case study of YCMOU. Distance Education, 27(1), 87-104.
Hughes, S. (2003). Community multimedia centres: Creating digital opportunities for all. In B. Girard (Ed.), The one to watch: Radio, new ICTs and interactivity. Geneva: FAO. (pdf)
Islam, M.T., & Selim, A.S.M. (2006). Current status and prospects for e-learning in the promotion of distance education in Bangladesh. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 7(1), Article 10.
Jamtsho, S., & Bullen, M. (2007). Distance education in Bhutan: Improving access and quality through ICT use. Distance Education, 28(2), 149-161.
Mishra, S. (2005). Roles and competencies of academic counselors in distance education. Open Learning, 20(2), 147-159.
Mitra, S. (n/d). Hole in the wall project. E.G. West Centre.
Panda, S. (2005). Higher education at a distance and national development: Reflections on the Indian experience. Distance Education, 26(2), 183-204. 
Reddi, U., & Mishra, S. (Eds.). (2005). Educational media in Asia. Vancouver, BC: Commonwealth of Learning.
Rennie, F. & Mason, R. (2007). The development of distributed learning techniques in Bhutan and Nepal. International Review of Research and Open and Distance Learning 8(1). 
Sharma, R. (2005). Open learning in India: Evolution, diversification and reaching out. Open Learning, 20(3), 227-241.

Unit 3: East & Southeast Asia and Middle East & North Africa


Al-Harthi, A. S. (2005). Distance higher education experiences of Arab Gulf students in the United States: A cultural perspective. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning 6(3).
Enoch, Y., & Soker, Z. (2006). Age, gender, ethnicity and the digital divide: University students’ use of web-based instruction. Open Learning, 21(2), 99-110.
Gorsky, P., Caspi, A., & Tuvi-Arad, I. (2004) Use of instructional dialogue by university students in a distance education chemistry course. The Journal of Distance Education, 19(1), 1-19. Retrieved September 3, 2007, from http://www.jofde.ca/index.php/jde/article/view/102
Gouda, A., & Banks, F. (2005). Professional dignity and reforming teachers’ practice: a case study of a distance education network in Egypt. Paper presented at the 11th Cambridge International Conference on Open and Distance Learning, Cambridge, UK.( p. 67-73). (pdf)
Hussain, I. (2007). Transnational education: Concept and methods. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education-TOJDE, 8(1), Article 13. (CC)
Isman, A., & Altinay, Z. (2006). Self-perception and roles: How Eastern Mediterranean university students and teachers view online programme and courses. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 7(1).
Laaser, W. (2006). Virtual universities for Africa and Arab countries. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 7(4), Article 13. Retrieved on September 4, 2007 from http://tojde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde24/index.htm
Lamontagne, M. (2005). Communities of practice in an Arabic culture: Wenger’s model and the United Arab Emirates: Implications for online learners. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 6(3).
Moon, B. (2010). Creating New Forms of Teacher Education: Open Educational Resources (OERs) and the Teacher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa (TESSA) Programme. In P. Danaher & A. Umar (Eds.), Teacher Education Through Open and Distance Learning (pp. 121-142) Vancouver, BC: Commonwealth of Learning.
Tubaishat, A., Bhatti, A., & El-Qawasmeh, E. (2006). ICT experiences in two different Middle Eastern universities. Issues in informing science and information technology, 3, 667-678. Retrieved on September 3, 2007 from http://informingscience.org/proceedings/InSITE2006/IISITTuba153.pdf

Unit 3: North America and The Pacific Islands (Oceania)


Daniel, J. (2005). Virtual university, flexible learning: Why a virtual university for small states of the Commonwealth? Presentation to the Orientation and Planning Meeting for Government Representatives of the Small States of the Commonwealth, Singapore.
Dyson, L. E. (2004). Cultural issues in the adoption of information and communication technologies by indigenous Australians. In F. Sudweeks & C. Ess (Eds.), Proceedings of the Cultural Attitudes Towards Communication and Technology Conference 2004, Murdock University, Australia, 58-71. (pdf)
Grace, L., & Smith, P. (2001). Flexible delivery in the Australian vocational education and training sector: Barriers to success in case studies of four adult learners. Distance Education, 22(2), 196-211. (pdf)
Hoolahan, B., Grosvenor, J., Kurtz, H., & Kelly, B. (2007). Utilizing technology to raise mental health literacy in small rural towns. Learning in Health and Social Care, 6(3), 145-155. AU Library
Jha, J., & Keller, F. (2006). Australia: Socialization and socio-economics. In Boys’ Underachievement in education: An exploration in selected Commonwealth countries, (pp. 67-80). Commonwealth of Learning. (pdf)
Jha, J., & Keller, F. (2006). Samoa: A major challenge to the education system. In Boys’ Underachievement in education: An exploration in selected Commonwealth countries, (pp. 106-120). Commonwealth of Learning. (pdf)
Lynch, T., & Szoreny, N. (2005). Dilemmas surrounding information technology education in developing countries: A study of Fiji. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 21, 1-16. Retrieved on September 4, 2007 from http://www.ejisdc.org/ojs2/index.php/ejisdc/article/viewFile/139/135 
Major, J. (2005). Teacher education for cultural diversity: online and at a distance. [Electronic version]. Journal of Distance Learning, 9(1), 15-26.
Marginson, S. (2004). Don’t leave me hanging on the Anglophone: The potential for online distance higher education in the Asia-Pacific region. Higher Education Quarterly, 58(2-3), 74-113. AU Library
Paul, J. (2006, November). Flexibility, in distance education and time: A focus on Papua New Guinea secondary education. Paper presented at the Fourth Pan Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning, Ocho Rio, Jamaica. Retrieved on August 14, 2007 from http://pcf4.dec.uwi.edu/viewpaper.php?id=430
Stacey, E. (2005). The history of distance education in Australia. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 6(3), 653-259. AU Library
Teasdale, B., Tokai, E., & Puamau, P. (2005). Culture, literacy and livelihoods: Reconceptualising the reform of education in Oceania. Paper presented to the Literacy and livelihoods: Learning for life in a changing world International Experts Meeting, November, 2004. (p. 35 – 45) 
Tynan, B., & O’Neill, M. (2007). Individual perseverance: A theory of home tutors’ management of schooling in isolated settings. Distance Education, 28(1), 95-110. AU Library
Whyte, A. (2001). Positioning Australian universities for the 21st century. Open Learning, 16(1), 27-33. AU Library

Unit 3: Central & South America & Caribbean and Europe


Baumann, U., & Shelley, M. (2006). Distance learning of German and intercultural competence. Open Learning, 21(3), 191-204. AU Library
Burgos, D., Hummel, H.G. K., Tattersal, C., Brouns, F., & Koper, R. (2007). Design guidelines for active participation in blended learning networks, In L. Lockyer, S. Bennet, S. Agostinho, B. Harper (Eds.), Univ. of Wollongong, Australia). Handbook of Research on Learning Design and Learning Objects: Issues, Applications and Technologies. (pdf)
Graff, M., Davies, J., & McNorton, M. (2004). Cognitive style and cross cultural differences in internet use and computer attitudes. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning. Retrieved on September 4, 2007 from http://www.eurodl.org/materials/contrib/2004/Graff_Davies_McNorton.html
Gudmundsson, A., & Matthiasdottir, A. (2004). Distributed learning in the Nordic countries and Canada. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning. Retrieved on September 4, 2007 from http://www.eurodl.org/materials/contrib/2004/Arnor_Gudmundsson.htm
Hughes, J.A. (2004). Supporting the online learner. In T. Anderson & F. Elloumi (Eds.), Theory and practice of online learning. (pdf)
Kylama, M. (2005). The Finnish Virtual University and Finland’s path to a learning society. In C. McIntosh. & Z. Varoglu (Eds.), Lifelong learning and distance higher education: Perspectives on distance education (chap.9). (pdf)
Kastelic, M., & Loncaric, T. (2007). A model of introducing e-learning system at vocational college for business secretaries. In Issues in informing science and information technology, 4, 175-187. (pdf)
Latchem, C., Ozkul, A. E., Aydin, C. H., & Mutlu, M. E. (2006). The open education system, Anadolu University, Turkey: E-transformation in a mega-university. Open Learning, 21(3), 221-235. AU Library
Moiseeva, M. (2005). Distance education in Russia: Between the past and the future. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 6(3), 217-226. AU Library
Mortimer, P. (2005). France: The move toward distance education in the university sector. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 6(3), 233-241. AU Library
Murchu, D., & Sorensen, E. (2004). Online master community of practice: Collaborative learning in an intercultural perspective. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning.
Ostlund, B. (2005). Stress, disruption and community-Adult learners’ experience of obstacles and opportunities in distance education. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning.
Remmele, B. (2006). Open educational resources: anonymity vs. specificity. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning.
Robinson, B. (1999). Open and distance learning in the Gobi Desert: Non-formal education for nomadic women. Distance Education, 20(2), 181-204.
Russell, G. (2006). Online and virtual schooling in Europe. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning.
Simpson, O. (2006). Predicting student success in open and distance learning. Open Learning, 21(2), 125-138. AU Library
Stevenson, K., MacKeogh, K., & Sander, P. (2006). Working with student expectations of tutor support in distance education: Testing an expectations-led quality assurance model. Open Learning, 21(2), 139-152. AU Library
Thorpe, M. (2005). The impact of ICT on lifelong learning. In C. McIntosh & Z. Varoglu (Eds.), Lifelong learning and distance higher education: Perspectives on distance education (chapter 3). (pdf)