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HERM 673: Architectural Conservation (Rev. 1) Report a Broken Link

Architectural heritage makes places unique, creates a sense of home, and links us to our past while reinforcing communities; however, it is fragile and must be vigorously protected and promoted through an understanding of underlying values, communication, exemplary projects, research, and education. Heritage Resources Management 673: Architectural Conservation is an introduction to architectural heritage conservation and will provide the participants with a foundation in history, theory, and professional practice. It will include the historic conservation movement, including the main theorists, historical and philosophical development, major works, charters, and conceptual frameworks. HERM 673 will explore a range of subjects and issues that affect architectural conservation. It will also discuss the relationships between architectural conservation and its environmental and urban contexts.

Unit 1: What Is Architectural Conservation? Why Does It Matter?

Historic England. “Heritage Makes You Happy.” 2014.
Historic England. “Heritage Counts: Heritage and Society.” 2018.
Welch, John R., and the IPinCH Project. “Cultural Heritage: What Is It? Why Is It Important?” Simon Fraser University, 2014.
Parks Canada. “The Conservation Treatments: Preservation, Rehabilitation and Restoration.” In Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada, 2nd ed., 15–17. Ottawa: Parks Canada, 2010.
Historical Resources Act, Revised Statutes of Alberta 2000, c.H-9.

Read the following sections:

  • “Definitions,” pages 2–4;
  • “Part 3: Historic Resource Management,” pages 10–27

Unit 2: History and Theory

Jokilehto, Jukka. “A History of Architectural Conservation.” PhD thesis, University of York, 1986.

Read the following sections:

  • “Introduction,” pages 6–9;
  • “Chapter 16: France, Stylistic Restoration, 16.4: Viollet-le-Duc and the Theory of ‘Stylistic Restoration,’” pages 277–283;
  • “Chapter 17: England, Morality and Restoration, 17.3: John Ruskin,” pages 304–313
Morris, William. “The Manifesto.” The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings, 2009.
Viollet-le-Duc, Eugéne-Emmanuel. “Restoration.” In Readings in Conservation: Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, edited by Nicholas Stanley Price, M. Kirby Talley Jr., and Alessandra Melucco Vaccaro, 314–318. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 1996.
Ruskin, John. The Seven Lamps of Architecture. Project Gutenberg, 2011.

Read the following sections:

  • Chapter VI: The Lamp of Memory, pages 167–187;
  • Chapter VII: The Lamp of Obedience, pages 188–202
Riegl, Alois. “The Modern Cult of Monuments: Its Essence and Its Development.” In Readings in Conservation: Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, edited by Nicholas Stanley Price, M. Kirby Talley Jr., and Alessandra Melucco Vaccaro, 69–83. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 1996.
Brandi, Cesare. “Theory of Restoration, I.” In Readings in Conservation: Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, edited by Nicholas Stanley Price, M. Kirby Talley Jr., and Alessandra Melucco Vaccaro, 230–235. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 1996.

Unit 3: International Framework

Jokilehto, Jukka. “A History of Architectural Conservation.” PhD thesis, University of York, 1986.

Read the following sections:

  • Chapter 20: International Concern in Cultural Heritage, 20.3: International Developments, pages 397–399;
  • Chapter 21: Towards International Guidelines, 21.1: The Second World War, pages 409–412, and 21.3: International Recommendations, pages 419–423
UNESCO. “Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict with Regulations for the Execution of the Convention 1954.” The Hague, May 14, 1954.
ICOMOS. “International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites (The Venice Charter).” 1964.
UNESCO. “Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage.” Paris, November 16, 1972.
Case Studies
Australia ICOMOS. “The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Significance.” 2013.
8th World Conference of Historical Cities. “The Montréal Declaration.” Montreal, October 6–8, 2003.
ICOMOS. “Historic Gardens (The Florence Charter).” Florence, December 15, 1982.
ICOMOS. “Charter for the Conservation of Historic Towns and Urban Areas (Washington Charter).” Washington, DC, October 1987.
ICAHM. “Charter for the Protection and Management of the Archaeological Heritage.” Lausanne, Switzerland, 1990.
ICOMOS. “Nara Document on Authenticity.” Nara, Japan, 1994.
ICOMOS. “Charter on the Protection and Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage.” Sofia, Bulgaria, October 1996.
ICOMOS. “Principles for the Recording of Monuments, Groups of Buildings and Sites.” Sofia, Bulgaria, October 1996.
ICOMOS. “International Cultural Tourism Charter: Managing Tourism at Places of Heritage Significance.” Mexico, October 1999.
ICOMOS. “Charter on the Built Vernacular Heritage.” Mexico, October 1999.
ICOMOS. “Québec Declaration on the Preservation of the Spirit of Place.” Québec, Canada, October 4, 2008.
ICOMOS. “The ICOMOS Charter on Cultural Routes.” Québec, Canada, October 4, 2008.
ICOMOS. “Joint ICOMOS–TICCIH Principles for the Conservation of Industrial Heritage Sites, Structures, Areas, and Landscapes (The Dublin Principles).” Paris, November 28, 2011.

Unit 4: Canadian Perspective

International
UNESCO. “Canada: Properties Inscribed on the World Heritage List.”
Federal
Parks Canada. Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada. 2nd ed. Ottawa: Parks Canada, 2010.

Read the following sections:

  • Introduction, page viii;
  • Chapter 3, The Standards for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada, pages 21–23;
  • Chapter 4, The Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada, pages 41–43, including the sidebar “Replacing Character-Defining Elements”;
  • Chapter 4.3, Guidelines for Buildings, pages 127–181
Parks Canada. “Canadian Register of Historic Places.” Last modified August 1, 2018.

Read the following sections:

  • Introduction;
  • The Canadian Register of Historic Places: An Invaluable Resource
Parks Canada. “Canada’s Historic Places.”

Read the following sections:

  • The Register: About Us;
  • Heritage Conservation: Resources on Heritage Conservation
Federal Provincial Territorial Ministers of Culture and Heritage in Canada. Building Resilience: Practical Guidelines for the Sustainable Rehabilitation of Buildings in Canada. 2016.

Read the following sections:

  • Chapter 1: Introduction, pages 9–10;
  • Chapter 1: The Relationship between Building Conservation, Sustainability, and Climate Change, pages 11–16
Provincial
Municipal Heritage Partnership Program, Canada’s Historic Places, and Government of Alberta. Managing Historic Places: Protection and Stewardship of Your Local Heritage.

Read the following sections:

  • Introduction, page 5;
  • The Benefits of Conserving Your Local Heritage, page 6;
  • Evaluating Historic Places, pages 18–21;
  • Municipal Historic Resource Designation, pages 25–29;
  • Conserving Historic Places, pages 30–45
Municipal
Edmonton’s Architectural Heritage. “Building Legacy.” 2017.
Town of Wainwright. “Municipal Historic Resources.” 2017.
City of Calgary. “Heritage Planning.” 2017.

Unit 5: Values, Authenticity, and Significance

History and Theory
Riegl, Alois. “The Modern Cult of Monuments: Its Essence and Its Development.” In Readings in Conservation: Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, edited by Nicholas Stanley Price, M. Kirby Talley Jr., and Alessandra Melucco Vaccaro, 69–83. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 1996.
ICOMOS. “Nara Document on Authenticity.” Nara, Japan, 1994.
van Balen, Koenraad. “The Nara Grid: An Evaluation Scheme Based on the Nara Document on Authenticity.” APT Bulletin: The Journal of Preservation Technology 39, no. 2–3 (2008): 39–45.
Canada’s Historic Places. Canadian Register of Historic Places: Writing Statements of Significance. November 2006.

Read the following section:

  • Pages 4–11
Case Study
Jones, Sam. “‘What the Hell Have They Done?’ Spanish Castle Restoration Mocked.” The Guardian, March 9, 2016.

Please also watch the video embedded in the article.
Architizer. “A+ Awards: Restoration of Matrera Castle Keep Tower.” 2016.

Unit 6: Interpretation

General Principles
ICOMOS. “The ICOMOS Charter for the Interpretation and Presentation of Cultural Heritage Sites.” Québec, Canada, October 4, 2008.
Interpret Europe. “Freiburg Declaration on Heritage Interpretation.” Freiburg, Germany: Interpret Europe European Association for Heritage Interpretation, 2011.
Case Study
Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates, Inc. “Franklin Court.”
Matero, Frank G. “Ben’s House: Designing History at Franklin Court, Philadelphia.” Archaeological Institute of America, May 11, 2010.
Hahn, Ashley. “Benjamin Franklin Museum Leaves Bicentennial Behind, Reopens after Two-Year Renovation.” Eyes on the Street, August 21, 2013.
Technology
Rodrigues, João M. F., Célia M. Q. Ramos, Pedro J. S. Cardoso, and Cláudia Henriques. Handbook of Research on Technological Developments for Cultural Heritage and eTourism Applications. IGI Global, 2018.

Unit 7: Context—Architectural Heritage and Its Surroundings

General Principles
UNESCO. “Recommendation Concerning the Safeguarding the Beauty and Character of Landscapes and Sites.” Paris, November 30, 1962.
ICOMOS. “Xi’an Declaration on the Conservation of the Setting of Heritage Structures, Sites and Areas.” Xi’an, China, October 21, 2005.
Martin, Oliver, and Giovanna Giatti, eds. World Heritage and Buffer Zones. Davos, Switzerland: UNESCO, 2008.
World Heritage Committee. Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention. Paris: UNESCO, 2016.

Read the following sections:

  • Boundaries for Effective Protection, pages 99–102;
  • Buffer Zones, pages 103–107
Case Study
UNESCO. “Dresden Elbe Valley.”

Read the following sections:

  • Description;
  • Justification for Inscription;
  • Take note of the other tabs on the website that lead to maps, documents, etc.;
  • Take the opportunity to explore this documentation.
UNESCO. “Dresden Is Deleted from UNESCO’s World Heritage List.” June 25, 2009.
Connolly, Kate. “Bridge Takes Dresden off UNESCO World Heritage List.” The Guardian, June 25, 2009.
van Keulen, Leon. “Dresden Victimised by Fury of UNESCO.” The Protocity, November 18, 2013.
“Dresden ‘Eyesore’ Elbe Bridge Opens after UNESCO Row.” BBC News, August 24, 2013.

Unit 8: Sustainable Development

Development
World Bank. “Urban Development: Overview.”

Read the following sections:

  • Overview;
  • Explore one of the architectural conservation projects as an example
UNESCO. “Culture and Development.”
Environment
Preservation Green Lab. The Greenest Building: Quantifying the Environmental Value of Building Reuse. National Trust for Historic Preservation, 2011.

Read the following sections:

  • Executive Summary, pages vi–xi;
  • Introduction, pages 13–17
Tourism
ICOMOS. “International Cultural Tourism Charter: Managing Tourism at Places of Heritage Significance.” Mexico, October 1999.
Licciardi, Guido, and Rana Amirtahmasebi, eds. The Economics of Uniqueness: Investing in Historic City Cores and Cultural Heritage Assets for Sustainable Development. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2012.

Read the following sections:

  • Overview, pages xix–xxviii;
  • Pay particular attention to the section on tourism.

Unit 9: Historic Resource Impact Assessment

Stovel, Herb. “A Significance-Driven Approach to the Development of the Historic Structure Report.” APT Bulletin 28, no. 1 (1997): 45–47.
Alberta Culture and Tourism. “Historic Resources Impact Assessments.” Last modified April 11, 2017.
Slaton, Deborah. “Preservation Brief 43: The Preparation and Use of Historic Structure Reports.” National Park Service, US Department of the Interior, April 2005.
National Park Service, US Department of the Interior. “Historic Structure Report Standards.”

Very quickly read the provided HSR examples. They do not need to be read in depth but only for examples, and they can serve as models for your written assignment. Use the guidelines for writing HSRs in the previous readings, but also take the best ideas from these examples.

If the main DRR link is not working, try this link instead: https://web.archive.org/web/20170713164534/https://www.nps.gov/dscw/hsr-standards.htm
E.R.A. Architects Inc. “Freeman Railway Station, Burlington, Ontario: Historic Structure Report.” Toronto, December 18, 2009.
Menders, Torrey & Spencer, Inc. Historic Structure Report: The Buckman Tavern, Lexington, Massachusetts. August 2013.
Eppich, Rand. Historic Structure Report, Condition Assessment: The National Library of Kosovo. Kosovo Architectural Foundation, The Getty Foundation, November 21, 2016.

Unit 10: Professional Practice

Drawings
Duguay, Gary. “The Architectural Preservation Process.” Heritage Notes: Architectural Preservation 4 (1992).

Alberta Community Development describes the concepts from this unit in more detail, with graphic examples of each document of service.
Grigsby, Ernest L. “Construction Documentation—Drawings. In The Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice, 13th ed., edited by Joseph A. Demkin, 576–581. New York: J. Wiley, 2001.

This document is a short description of the function of construction (or working) drawings.
Specifications
Betts, Gary. “Construction Documentation—Specifications.” In The Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice, 13th ed., edited by Joseph A. Demkin, 582–588. New York: J. Wiley, 2001.

This document is a short description of the function of technical specifications.
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation. “Preparation of Lime and Cement-Amended Mortars.”

This sample is a full specification that outlines the use and preparation of lime mortar in a historic structure. This document should be read lightly to get an idea of the complexity of one single part of an elaborate architectural conservation project.
Bill of Quantities
Choudhury, Ifte. “Bill of Quantities.” Texas A&M University.

This reference provides a concise description of the objectives of a bill of quantities. This is a specialized profession in Great Britain, but the architect or engineer often performs this task in other parts of the world. It is a standard requirement for many international projects, yet it is not as common in North America.
Basic Civil Engineering. “Basic Things You Should Know about Bill of Quantity (BOQ).” June 1, 2015.

This document is also a short guide to the bill of quantities.