1. Home
  2. ARCH
  3. ARCH 645: Architectural Practice in Canada (Revision 3)

ARCH 645: Architectural Practice in Canada (Revision 3) Report a Broken Link

Architecture 645: Architectural Practice in Canada explores the theoretical and practical aspects of Canadian architectural practice. Architecture is never created in isolation; therefore, the various stakeholders involved in the design and construction of buildings (such as builders, Authorities Having Jurisdiction, consultants, owners, and clients) and their relationship to the architect are explored. The course not only includes the current context in which architects practice and the laws and regulations that govern their practice in Canada, it also looks to the future and the position of the architect in society and around the globe.

ARCH 645: Course Orientation

Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Canadian handbook of practice for architects (3rd ed.). https://chop.raic.ca/

Note: The online version of CHOP is always considered the most up-to-date version of the handbook.
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Canadian handbook of practice for architects: 2020 edition: Volume One (3rd ed.). Retrieved February 2021. http://www.raic.org

Volume One [PDF]. Retrieved February 2021.

This reproduction is a copy of the version available at http://www.raic.org. Reproduced with permission of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. Posted with permission.
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Canadian handbook of practice for architects: 2020 edition: Volume Two (3rd ed.). Retrieved February 2021. http://www.raic.org

Volume Two [PDF]. Retrieved February 2021.

This reproduction is a copy of the version available at http://www.raic.org. Reproduced with permission of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. Posted with permission.
Regulatory Organizations of Architecture in Canada. (n.d.) Internship in Architecture Program (IAP). https://roac.ca/become-an-architect/internship-in-architecture-program/

Unit 1: The Legal Context, Part 1

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.5: Admission to the profession [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.6: Organization of the profession in Canada [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Constitution Act, 1867 (UK), 30 & 31 Vict, c 3.

Refer to section 92.
Balthazard, C. (2017, August 29). #31 Why is professional regulation provincial? Linkedin. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/31-why-professional-regulation-provincial-claude
Supplementary Resources
National Council of Architectural Registration Boards. (n.d.). https://www.ncarb.org/
Architects Registration Board. (n.d.). https://arb.org.uk/
Architects Accreditation Council of Australia. (n.d.). https://aaca.org.au/

Unit 2: The Legal Context, Part II

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.5: Admission to the profession [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.6: Organization of the profession in Canada [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (n.d.). Becoming an architect. https://raic.org/raic/becoming-architect
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (n.d.). Examinations: Examinations for Architects in Canada (ExAC). https://raic.org/raic/intern-examinations
Regulatory Organizations of Architecture in Canada. (n.d.) Internship in Architecture Program (IAP). https://roac.ca/become-an-architect/internship-in-architecture-program/
Supplementary Resources
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (n.d.). RAIC chapters and networks. https://raic.org/chapters
Regulatory Organizations of Architecture in Canada. (n.d.). https://roac.ca/

Unit 3: The Ethical Context

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.2: The architect as a professional [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.3: Professional conduct and ethics [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.1: Starting and organizing an architectural practice [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.8: Risk management and professional liability [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Morgenstern, J. (1995, May 29). The fifty-nine-story crisis. The New Yorker.
CBC Radio. (2016, March 2.) Chilling exhibit The Evidence Room recreates a Nazi gas chamber. CBC/Radio-Canada. https://www.cbc.ca/radio/q/schedule-for-wednesday-march-2-2015-1.3472195/chilling-exhibit-the-evidence-room-recreates-a-nazi-gas-chamber-1.3472244
Woolley, T. (2014, July 2). It is Zaha Hadid’s duty to look at human rights issues [Letter to the editor]. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/jul/02/zaha-hadid-duty-human-rights
Oliver, M. (2014, July 2). It is Zaha Hadid’s duty to look at human rights issues [Letter to the editor]. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/jul/02/zaha-hadid-duty-human-rights
Supplementary Resources
Women in Architecture Vancouver. (n.d.). https://www.wiavancouver.org/
Architecture 2030. (n.d.). The 2030 challenge. https://architecture2030.org/2030_challenges/2030-challenge/
American Institute of Architects. (2020). 2020 code of ethics and professional conduct. https://content.aia.org/sites/default/files/2020-08/2020_Code_of_Ethics.pdf

Unit 4: Architects as Leaders in the Construction Industry

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 2.1: The construction industry [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 2.2: The client [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 2.3: Consultants [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 5.5: Sustainable, regenerative, and resilient design, integrated design process and integrated project delivery: Synthesis of concepts, principles and practice [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Sears, E. (2013, April 26). Architect as leader: A new model of collaboration [Blog]. Business of Architecture. https://www.businessofarchitecture.com/architect-as-leader-a-new-model-of-collaboration/
American Institute of Architects. (n.d.). Leadership education. https://www.aia.org/pages/81841-leadership-education-for-architects-and-emer
O’Donnell, K. M. (n.d.). Architects define leadership for a changing profession. American Institute of Architects. https://www.aia.org/articles/165456-architects-define-leadership-for-a-changing:26
Supplementary Resources
Larsson, N. (2009, August 21). The integrated design process; History and analysis. International Initiative for a Sustainable Built Environment. https://iisbe.org/node/88
BC Green Building Roundtable. (2007). Roadmap for the integrated design process. Greenspace NCR. http://www.greenspacencr.org/events/IDProadmap.pdf
WBDG Aesthetics Subcommittee. (2016, October 17). Engage the integrated design process. International Initiative for a Sustainable Built Environment. https://www.wbdg.org/design-objectives/aesthetics/engage-integrated-design-process
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. (2003, 2006). Integrated design charrette for a sustainable UniverCity community. https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.581066/publication.html
Houghton, J. (2019, June 5). The integrated project delivery model: Why, what, and how to decide if it is right for your project. The Construction Seyt, Seyfarth Shaw. https://www.constructionseyt.com/2019/06/the-integrated-project-delivery-model-why-what-and-how-to-decide-if-it-is-right-for-your-project/
Allison, M., Ashcraft, H., Cheng, R., Klawans, S., Pease, J., & IPD Advisory Council. (2018). Integrated project delivery: An action guide for leaders. Integrated Project Delivery Alliance. https://www.ipda.ca/knowledge-competency/tools/integrated-project-delivery-an-action-guide-for-leaders/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (n.d.). Contract documents. https://raic.org/raic/contract-documents
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2021). Canadian standard form of contract for architectural services, Document six, 2018 edition (Rev. April 2021). https://raic.org/raic/canadian-standard-form-contract-architectural-services-document-six-2018-edition
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2018). Canadian standard form of contract between architect and consultant, Document nine, 2018 edition. https://raic.org/raic/canadian-standard-form-contract-between-architect-and-consultant-document-nine
Canadian Construction Documents Committee. (n.d.). Documents/CCDC contract forms. https://www.ccdc.org/documents/
Regulatory Organizations of Architecture in Canada. (n.d.) Internship in Architecture Program (IAP). https://roac.ca/become-an-architect/internship-in-architecture-program/

Unit 5: The Regulatory Context

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 2.4: Building regulations and authorities having jurisdiction [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 2.5: Standards organizations, certification and testing agencies and trade associations [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.9: Architectural design services and fees [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Professional Practice Commission. (2004, March 13). Professional practice information notes: Note 2: Building codes and standards. Union Internationale des Architectes. https://www.uia-architectes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/note_2_building_codes_and_standards.pdf
Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes. (2022). National building code of Canada 2020 (15th ed.). National Research Council Canada. https://doi.org/10.4224/w324-hv93
Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes. (2022). National energy code of Canada 2020 (5th ed.). National Research Council Canada. https://doi.org/10.4224/rr3q-hm83
National Research Council Canada. (n.d.). About Codes Canada. https://nrc.canada.ca/en/certifications-evaluations-standards/codes-canada/codes-development-process/about-codes-canada
National Research Council Canada. (n.d.). How the national codes are developed. https://nrc.canada.ca/en/certifications-evaluations-standards/codes-canada/codes-development-process/how-national-codes-are-developed
Recommended Resources
National Research Council Canada. (n.d.). Canadian national master construction specification. https://nrc.canada.ca/en/certifications-evaluations-standards/canadian-national-master-construction-specification
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Part 5: Management of the design project [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/

Unit 6: The Architect and Sustainable Design

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.1: The role of the architect [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 6.1: Predesign [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 5.5: Sustainable, regenerative, and resilient design, integrated design process and integrated project delivery: Synthesis of concepts, principles and practice [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Supplementary Resources
Canada Green Building Council. (n.d.). LEED. https://www.cagbc.org/
Canada Green Building Council. (n.d.). Zero carbon building standards. https://www.cagbc.org/our-work/certification/zero-carbon-building-standard/
Boma Canada. (n.d.). BOMA BEST. https://bomacanada.ca/
Green Building Initiative. (n.d.). Green globes. http://www.greenglobes.com/homeca.asp
International Living Future Institute. (n.d.). Living building challenge. https://living-future.org/lbc/
International Living Future Institute. (n.d.). Living community challenge. https://living-future.org/lcc/
International Living Future Institute. (n.d.). Zero energy certification. https://living-future.org/zero-energy/
International Living Future Institute. (n.d.). Zero carbon certification. https://living-future.org/zero-carbon/
International WELL Building Institute. (n.d.). WELL building standard. https://www.wellcertified.com/
Bioregional. (n.d.). One Planet Living. https://www.bioregional.com/one-planet-living
Passive House Institute. (n.d.). https://passivehouse.com/
Passive House Canada. (n.d.). https://www.passivehousecanada.com/
BRE Group. (n.d.). BREEAM. https://bregroup.com/products/breeam/

Unit 7: The Architect as Leader Beyond the Building Project

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.1: The role of the architect [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Kline, J. A. (2005). How architects can be catalysts for civic initiatives. CIVITAD Services, LLC. http://www.civitadservices.com/images/How_Architects_Can_be_Catalysts_for_Civic_Initiatives_paper.pdf
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2022). Highlights report. RAIC International Indigenous Architecture and Design Symposium, June 23–24, 2021 – Virtual. https://raic.org/sites/raic.org/files/2021_symposium_highlight_report_feb16.pdf
Supplementary Resources
Universal Creative Solutions. (n.d.). How to manage threats to your business. https://www.universalcreativesolutions.com/insights/how-to-manage-threats-to-your-business
Toastmasters. (n.d.). https://www.toastmasters.org/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (n.d.). Indigenous task force. https://raic.org/raic/indigenous-task-force
Canada Council for the Arts. (n.d.). Venice biennale of architecture. https://canadacouncil.ca/initiatives/venice-biennale

Unit 8: Architectural Practice Around the World

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.7: International architectural organizations [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Col·legi d'Arquitectes de Catalunya. (2005). Architectural practice around the world (2nd ed.). http://www.coac.net/internacional/ang/docs/APAW.pdf
Union Internationale des Architectes. (2017). UIA accord on recommended international standards of professionalism in architectural practice (1999, amended August 2014 and September 2017). https://www.uia-architectes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/uia_accord___updated_2017.pdf
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (n.d.). Architectural competitions – Introduction. https://raic.org/raic/architectural-competitions-introduction
Union Internationale des Architectes. (n.d.). Competitions and awards. https://competitions-awards.uia-architectes.org/en/
Supplementary Resources
Government of Canada. (n.d.). Trade commissioner service. https://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca
Global Affairs Canada. (n.d.). Trade in services. Government of Canada. https://www.international.gc.ca/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/topics-domaines/services/index.aspx?lang=eng
Regulatory Organizations of Architecture in Canada. (n.d.). https://roac.ca/
Regulatory Organizations of Architecture in Canada. (n.d.). Professional mobility. https://roac.ca/professional-mobility/

Unit 9: Forms of Architectural Practice in Canada

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.1: Starting and organizing an architectural practice [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.6: Organization of the profession in Canada [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 1.6, Appendix E: Charts: Comparison of practice requirements of each provincial or territorial association [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Lewis, B. J. (1988). A new model for successful management of engineering design firms —“superpositioning.” Engineering Management International, 5(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5419(88)90024-5

Unit 10: Architecture as a Career Path

Required Readings
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.1: Starting and organizing an architectural practice [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.2: Succession planning [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.3: Brand, public relations, and marketing [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.6: Human resources [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (n.d.). Becoming an architect. https://raic.org/raic/becoming-architect

Assignment 1

Morgenstern, J. (1995, May 21). The fifty-nine-story crisis. The New Yorker.

Assignment 2

Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2021). Canadian standard form of contract for architectural services, Document six, 2018 edition (Rev. April 2021). https://raic.org/raic/canadian-standard-form-contract-architectural-services-document-six-2018-edition
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 3.9, Appendix A: Scope of architectural services [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Part 5: Management of the design project [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2018). Canadian standard form of contract between architect and consultant, Document nine, 2018 edition. https://raic.org/raic/canadian-standard-form-contract-between-architect-and-consultant-document-nine
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 2.3: Consultants [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/
Canadian Construction Documents Committee. (n.d.). Documents/CCDC contract forms. https://www.ccdc.org/documents/
National Research Council Canada. (n.d.). Certifications, evaluations and standards. https://nrc.canada.ca/en/certifications-evaluations-standards
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. (2020). Chapter 6.4, Appendix O: National building code data matrix [CHOP, 3rd ed.]. https://chop.raic.ca/